Friedreich ataxia (often called Friedreich’s ataxia or FA) is a rare genetic disorder that causes problems with movement and muscle control. FA is caused by a defect in the frataxin (FXN) gene, which ultimately impacts the normal functioning of cells in your nervous system, heart, and other parts of the body. FA is the most common inherited form of ataxia. While symptoms of FA often start in late childhood or adolescence, it can also be diagnosed in adulthood, with some individuals first noticing symptoms into their 20s and 30s. The disease leads to worsening symptoms over time, such as difficulty walking, muscle weakness, loss of sensation in the limbs, and slurred speech. As FA progresses, many people need mobility aids and may lose vision, hearing, or develop other complications including heart problems, diabetes, and scoliosis. FA can lead to a loss of independence and physical abilities over time, though treatment and monitoring can help address symptoms and disease progression.